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1.
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-1400362

ABSTRACT

A nivel internacional se reconoce que las mujeres transgéneros, debido a su voz, experimentan diariamente consecuencias psicosociales. En Chile no se cuenta con antecedentes sobre esta temática, por lo que se requiere recabar información que permita constatar los antecedentes obtenidos en la literatura internacional. Por ello, el objetivo del trabajo es describir la autopercepción de la voz de un grupo de mujeres transgénero de la Región Metropolitana, según el instrumento Trans Woman Voice Questionnaire (TWVQ). Para ello, se realizó un estudio observacional, descriptivo correlacional de corte transversal con enfoque cuantitativo, el cual fue aprobado por el Comité de Ética de la Facultad de Medicina ­Clínica Alemana Universidad del Desarrollo (GP-70/2018).Participaron 30 mujeres transgénero que respondieron en primer lugar un cuestionario de antecedentes clínicos y luego el TWVQ. Este último se analizó en base al puntaje total y por sus tres ítems (ansiedad y evitación, función vocal e identidad vocal).Los resultados muestran que la autopercepción de la voz se ve afectada en primer lugar por el ítem de función vocal, posteriormente por el ítem de ansiedad y evitación y por último por el de identidad vocal, según la dificultad percibida. Los datos tambiénproporcionan evidencia preliminar de que la autopercepción de la voz podría asociarse con la asistencia al especialista de la voz y con el tiempo de terapia hormonal cursado. Finalmente, el estudio proporciona una forma empírica de analizar detalladamenteel TVWQ, en base a la propuesta de tres ítems.


At the international level, it is recognized that transgender women, due to their voice, experience psychosocial consequenceson a daily basis. In Chile there is no background on this issue, so it is necessary to collect information that allows verifying the background obtained in the international literature. Therefore, the objective of the work is to describe the self-perception of the voice of a group of transgender women from the Metropolitan Region, according to the Trans Woman Voice Questionnaire (TWVQ) instrument. For this, an observational, descriptive correlational cross-sectional study with a quantitative approach was carried out, which was approved by the Ethics Committee of the Faculty of Medicine -Clínica Alemana Universidad del Desarrollo (GP-70/2018). Thirty transgender women participated, responding first to a medical history questionnaire and then to the TWVQ. The latter was analyzed based on the total score and its three items (anxiety andavoidance, vocal function and vocal identity). The results show that voice self-perception is affected first by the vocal function item, then by the anxiety and avoidance item, and finally by the vocal identity item, according to perceived difficulty. The data also provide preliminary evidence that self-perception of the voice could be associated with attendance at the voice specialist and with the length of time on hormonal therapy. Finally, the study provides an empirical way to analyze the TVWQ in detail, based on the proposal of three items.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adolescent , Adult , Middle Aged , Self Concept , Voice Quality , Transgender Persons , Chile , Cross-Sectional Studies , Surveys and Questionnaires
2.
Medicina (B.Aires) ; 80(supl.3): 1-6, June 2020. ilus, graf, tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-1135184

ABSTRACT

The disease named COVID-19, caused by the SARS-CoV-2 coronavirus, is currently generating a global pandemic. Vaccine development is no doubt the best long-term immunological approach, but in the current epidemiologic and health emergency there is a need for rapid and effective solutions. Convalescent plasma is the only antibody-based therapy available for COVID-19 patients to date. Equine polyclonal antibodies (EpAbs) put forward a sound alternative. The new generation of processed and purified EpAbs containing highly purified F(ab’)2 fragments demonstrated to be safe and well tolerated. EpAbs are easy to manufacture allowing a fast development and scaling up for a treatment. Based on these ideas, we present a new therapeutic product obtained after immunization of horses with the receptor-binding domain of the viral Spike glycoprotein. Our product shows around 50 times more potency in in vitro seroneutralization assays than the average of convalescent plasma. This result may allow us to test the safety and efficacy of this product in a phase 2/3 clinical trial to be conducted in July 2020 in the metropolitan area of Buenos Aires, Argentina.


La enfermedad denominada COVID-19 es causada por el coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 y es actualmente considerada una pandemia a nivel global. El desarrollo de vacunas es sin duda la mejor estrategia a largo plazo, pero debido a la emergencia sanitaria, existe una necesidad urgente de encontrar soluciones rápidas y efectivas para el tratamiento de la enfermedad. Hasta la fecha, el uso de plasma de convalecientes es la única inmunoterapia disponible para pacientes hospitalizados con COVID-19. El uso de anticuerpos policlonales equinos (EpAbs) es otra alternativa terapéutica interesante. La nueva generación de EpAbs incluyen el procesamiento y purificación de los mismos y la obtención de fragmentos F(ab’)2 con alta pureza y un excelente perfil de seguridad en humanos. Los EpAbs son fáciles de producir, lo cual permite el desarrollo rápido y la elaboración a gran escala de un producto terapéutico. En este trabajo mostramos el desarrollo de un suero terapéutico obtenido luego de la inmunización de caballos utilizando el receptor-binding domain de la glicoproteína Spike del virus. Nuestro producto mostró ser alrededor de 50 veces más potente en ensayos de seroneutralización in vitro que el promedio de los plasmas de convalecientes. Estos resultados nos permitirían testear la seguridad y eficacia de nuestro producto en ensayos clínicos de fase 2/3 a realizarse a partir de julio de 2020 en la zona metropolitana de Buenos Aires, Argentina.


Subject(s)
Humans , Animals , Immunoglobulin Fab Fragments/isolation & purification , Coronavirus Infections/therapy , Immune Sera/immunology , Antibodies, Viral/isolation & purification , Antibodies, Viral/immunology , Antibodies, Viral/chemistry , Argentina , Immunoglobulin G/isolation & purification , Immunoglobulin G/chemistry , Immunoglobulin Fab Fragments/chemistry , Neutralization Tests , Pandemics , Betacoronavirus , SARS-CoV-2 , COVID-19 , Horses
3.
Medicina (B.Aires) ; 78(2): 107-112, abr. 2018. ilus
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-954958

ABSTRACT

El síndrome urémico hemolítico (SUH) típico es una enfermedad huérfana causada por cepas de Escherichia coli productoras de toxina Shiga (Stx) y caracterizada por daño renal agudo, anemia hemolítica microangiopática y plaquetopenia. Es endémico en Argentina, el país con mayor incidencia de SUH en el mundo. Debido al rol fundamental de la Stx en su patogenia, se puede considerar que, como otras toxemias conocidas, el SUH podría ser tratado con anticuerpos. Este trabajo describe el desarrollo de un nuevo tratamiento capaz de neutralizar el efecto tóxico de distintas variantes de la Stx. El tratamiento consiste en fragmentos F(ab')2 provenientes de un antisuero equino cuya eficacia y potencia contra Stx1 y Stx2 se comprobó en diferentes modelos preclínicos. El producto mostró ser seguro en animales, presentó la farmacocinética descripta para compuestos similares y se pudo establecer una posible ventana terapéutica para su adecuada administración. En conjunto, los resultados preclínicos obtenidos validan la realización de un estudio clínico de primer uso en humanos. En dicho estudio, que se realizará en el Hospital Italiano de Buenos Aires, se analizará la seguridad y la farmacocinética del producto en voluntarios adultos sanos. Estos resultados sentarán las bases para la realización del estudio clínico fase II en pacientes pediátricos con infección por cepas de E. coli productoras de Stx.


The typical hemolytic uremic syndrome (HUS) is an orphan disease caused by Shiga toxin(Stx) -producing Escherichia coli strains and characterized by acute kidney damage, microangiopathic hemolytic anemia and low platelet count. It is endemic in Argentina, the country with the highest incidence of HUS in the world. Stx is essential for its development and therefore, HUS is considered a toxemic non-bacteremic disorder, which could be treated with antibodies. Herein we describe the development of a new treatment capable of neutralizing the toxic effect of Stx and its variants. The treatment consists of F(ab')2 fragments from an equine antiserum whose efficacy and potency against Stx1 and Stx2 were proved in different preclinical models. The product was shown to be safe in animals. Furthermore, the anti-Stx F(ab')2 pharmacokinetic was shown to be similar to that of analogous compounds and a therapeutic window for its administration was determined. Altogether, these preclinical results warrant testing in humans. The phase I clinical trial will be performed at the Hospital Italiano in Buenos Aires to evaluate the safety and pharmacokinetics of the product in healthy adult volunteers. Based on the results of this study, a phase II clinical trial will be planned in pediatric patients diagnosed with infection by Stx-producing E. coli strains.


Subject(s)
Humans , Immunoglobulin Fab Fragments/therapeutic use , Drugs, Investigational , Shiga Toxin 1/antagonists & inhibitors , Shiga Toxin 2/antagonists & inhibitors , Escherichia coli Infections/drug therapy , Hemolytic-Uremic Syndrome/prevention & control , Argentina , Clinical Trials, Phase II as Topic , Shiga Toxin 1/immunology , Shiga Toxin 2/immunology , Escherichia coli/isolation & purification , Escherichia coli/immunology , Escherichia coli Infections/complications , Hemolytic-Uremic Syndrome/immunology , Antibodies/immunology
4.
Braz. dent. sci ; 21(2): 247-252, 2018. ilus
Article in English | LILACS, BBO | ID: biblio-906231

ABSTRACT

Stafne bone defect or mandibular bone depression is defined as a bone developmental defect usually filled with soft or salivary gland tissue. Lingual posterior variant incidence is less than 0.5%. We reported a case of an 80 years old Asian female asymptomatic patient who underwent routine panoramic radiographic examination and a radiolucent area in mandible was noticed as an incidental finding, with initial provisional diagnosis of traumatic bone cyst, aneurysmal bone cyst and lingual mandibular bone defect. The patient was then referred to multislice computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging. Computed tomography showed a hypodense area with discontinuity in mandible base. Magnetic resonance imaging demonstrated a hyperintense image eroding mandibular body in contact with submandibular gland, which corresponded to fatty tissue and due to these imaging findings, the final diagnosis was lingual mandibular bone defect. Although the defect is a benign lesion and interventional treatment is not necessary, radiolucencies in mandible should be detailed investigated, due to their radiographic features that can resemble to other intrabony lesions. Imaging examinations can provide great defect details, especially magnetic resonance imaging, which can allow the identification of glandular tissue continuity to the mandibular defect.(AU)


O defeito ósseo do Stafne ou o defeito ósseo da mandíbula é definido como uma cavidade óssea geralmente preenchida com tecido glandular salivar. A incidência de variante lingual posterior é inferior a 0,5%. Neste relato, foi descrito um caso de paciente de paciente de 80 anos, etnia asiática e assintomática que foi submetida a exames radiográficos panorâmicos de rotina no qual observou-se incidentalmente uma área radiolúcida na mandíbula. Os diagnósticos iniciais foram de: cisto ósseo traumático, cisto ósseo aneurismático e defeito ósseo mandibular. A paciente foi encaminhada para realização de tomografia computadorizada multislice e ressonância magnética. A tomografia computadorizada mostrou uma área hipodensa com descontinuidade na base da mandíbula. A ressonância magnética demonstrou uma imagem hiperintensa no corpo da mandíbula, em contato com a glândula submandibular, correspondendo a tecido adiposo. Devido a estes achados imaginológicos, o diagnóstico final foi de defeito ósseo mandibular. Embora este defeito seja uma lesão benigna sem necessidade de tratamento intervencionista, as radiolucências na mandíbula, por conta de sua semelhança com outras lesões intraósseas, devem ser devidamente investigadas. Os exames de imagem podem fornecer detalhes do defeito, especialmente imagens de ressonância magnética, que podem permitir a identificação da continuidade do tecido glandular ao defeito mandibular.(AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Bone Cysts , Bone Cysts, Aneurysmal , Bone Cysts/diagnosis , Magnetic Resonance Imaging , Radiography, Panoramic , Salivary Glands , Tomography, X-Ray Computed
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